Sikh Stopwatch

1 Pehra	1 Ghari	1 Pal	1 Chasi	1 Visu
7.5 Gharia	60 Pal	30 Chasia	15 Visue
(3 hrs)	(24 mins)	(24 secs)	(0.8 secs)	(0.0533 secs)

ਵਿਸੁਏ ਚਸਿਆ ਘੜੀਆ ਪਹਰਾ ਥਿਤੀ ਵਾਰੀ ਮਾਹੁ ਹੋਆ ॥
Visu▫e cẖasi▫ā gẖaṛī▫ā pahrā thiṯī vārī māhu ho▫ā. ||
The seconds, minutes and hours, days, weeks and months.

~ Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji, Guru Nanak Sahib Ji, Ang 357

Amrit Vela

Amrit Vela is a very important time for Sikhs and 'Pehra' timings have important implications for Amrit vela. Amrit vela is in the 4th pehra of the night and the time when all Sikhs must wake to wash, carry out simran and complete morning nitnem.

Days and Nights are divided into 8 pehra's. Each day (from sunrise to sunset) is split into 4 equal pehra's. Each night (from sunset to sunset) is also split into 4 equal pehra's. This means a pehra during the day in the Summer can be longer than a pehra at night in the Summer.

As seasons change and days become shorter or longer, Pehra can become longer or shorter (more than and less than 3 hours). Night time is the same. So, Amrit vela is likely to differ in various countries and seasons. However, it is fairly easy to work out the timing.

Amrit Vela calculation details

The following spreadsheet can be used to calculate Amrit Vela timings for a day or a year at a specified site.

Down Arrow DOWNLOAD amrit_vela_calculations_year_v1.0.xlsx (0.33 Mb)

ਅੰਮ੍ਰਿਤ ਵੇਲਾ ਸਚੁ ਨਾਉ ਵਡਿਆਈ ਵੀਚਾਰੁ ॥
Amriṯ velā sacẖ nā▫o vadi▫ā▫ī vīcẖār. ||
In the Amrit vela, the ambrosial hours before dawn, recite the true name, and contemplate God's glorious greatness.

~ Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji, Guru Nanak Sahib Ji, Ang 2

ਚਉਥੈ ਪਹਰਿ ਸਬਾਹ ਕੈ ਸੁਰਤਿਆ ਉਪਜੈ ਚਾਉ ॥
Cẖa▫uthai pahar sabāh kai surṯi▫ā upjai cẖā▫o. ||
In the fourth watch of the early morning hours, a longing arises in their higher consciousness.

ਤਿਨਾ ਦਰੀਆਵਾ ਸਿਉ ਦੋਸਤੀ ਮਨਿ ਮੁਖਿ ਸਚਾ ਨਾਉ ॥
Ŧinā ḏarī▫āvā si▫o ḏosṯī man mukẖ sacẖā nā▫o. ||
They are attuned to the river of life; the true name is in their minds and on their lips.

ਓਥੈ ਅੰਮ੍ਰਿਤੁ ਵੰਡੀਐ ਕਰਮੀ ਹੋਇ ਪਸਾਉ ॥
Othai amriṯ vandī▫ai karmī ho▫e pasā▫o. ||
The Ambrosial Nectar is distributed, and those with good karma receive this gift.

~ Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji, Guru Angad Sahib Ji, Ang 146

ਝਾਲਾਘੇ ਉਠਿ ਨਾਮੁ ਜਪਿ ਨਿਸਿ ਬਾਸੁਰ ਆਰਾਧਿ ॥
Jẖālāgẖe uṯẖ nām jap nis bāsur ārāḏẖ. ||
Rise early in the morning, and recite the naam; worship and adore God, night and day.

~ Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji, Guru Arjan Sahib Ji, Ang 255

ਚਉਥਾ ਪਹਰੁ ਭਇਆ ਦਉਤੁ ਬਿਹਾਗੈ ਰਾਮ ॥
Cẖa▫uthā pahar bẖa▫i▫ā ḏa▫uṯ bihāgai rām.
The fourth watch has begun, and the day is about to dawn.

ਤਿਨ ਘਰੁ ਰਾਖਿਅੜਾ ਜੋੁ ਅਨਦਿਨੁ ਜਾਗੈ ਰਾਮ ॥
Ŧin gẖar rākẖi▫aṛā jo an▫ḏin jāgai rām.
Those who remain awake and aware, night and day, preserve and protect their homes.

ਗੁਰ ਪੂਛਿ ਜਾਗੇ ਨਾਮਿ ਲਾਗੇ ਤਿਨਾ ਰੈਣਿ ਸੁਹੇਲੀਆ ॥
Gur pūcẖẖ jāge nām lāge ṯinā raiṇ suhelī▫ā.
The night is pleasant and peaceful, for those who remain awake; following the Guru's advice, they focus on the naam.

~ Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji, Guru Nanak Sahib Ji, Ang 1110

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